Transport mechanism of eroded sediment particles under freeze-thaw and runoff conditions

Hydraulic erosion associated with seasonal freeze-thaw cycles is one of the most predominant factors, which drives soil stripping and transportation. In this study, indoor simulated meltwater experiments were used to investigate sorting characteristics transport mechanism sediment particles under different conditions (unfrozen, shallow-thawed, frozen slopes) runoff rates (1, 2, 4 L/min). Results showed that order particle contents was silt>sand>clay during process on unfrozen, slopes. Compared original soils, clay silt lost, sand deposited. On unfrozen shallow-thawed slopes, change rate had a significant impact enrichment clay, silt, particles. transported in form suspension/saltation 83.58%–86.54% 69.24%–84.89% 83.75%–87.44% Moreover, smaller than 0.027 mm preferentially transported. slope, relative contribution percentage gradually increased increase rate, an opposite trend occurred At same via rolling process. The research results provide improved condition for steep loessal